Clinical and laboratory studies on experimentally induced acute ruminal lactic acidosis in male goats

Acute ruminal acidosis was experimentally induced in six mixed breed of male goats, [15-18 months old and 27-38 kg body weight], by wheat flour, 50 g/kg BW, infused intraruminally through a surgically prepared ruminal cannula. Ruminal fluid and blood samples were obtained at 0, 12, 24 and 36 hours to evaluate ruminal fluid contents, serum biochemical changes and complete blood picture. Severe clinical signs of ruminal acidosis were evident by12 hours represented by depression, recumbency, diarrhea, grinding over the teeth, trembling, ruminal stasis, dehydration, polypnea and tachycardia. Sharp drop in ruminal fluid pH with parallel sharp increase in ruminal lactate and glucose levels were recorded. Ruminal protozoa completely disappeared following induction. Significant decrease in venous blood pH and a significant increase of serum levels of lactate, total protein, albumin, Gamma glutamyl transferase [GGT], urea and creatinine were obtained. Significant increase in hematocrit value, total leukocytic count, neutrophil and a significant decrease in lymphocyte were also recorded. Post mortum and histopathological examination were performed to confirm the disease

Blood serum-biochemical, hematological and clinical studies on gossypol toxicity in fattening friesian calves fed on whole cottonseed

Gossypol toxicity was diagnosed in eighteen fattening friesian calves, of six months old, fed for three weeks on concentrated diet contained 20% ground cottonseed. Clinically, calves showed anorexia, intermittent diarrhoea and abdominal pain. Later on cough, polypnea, signs of dyspnea and hemoglobinuria were observed in four calves. These calves were emergency slaughtered. Serous fluid in thoracic and abdominal cavities and congestion of parenchymatous organs were inspected. Significant decrease in erythrocytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit values was obtained during hematological examination. Leukocytosis with neutrophilia, lymphopenia and monocytosis was also significant. Serum biochemical studies revealed significant decrease in total protein and albumin and significant increase in AST and ALT activities, creatinine and BUN values. All recorded clinical signs disappeared and serum biochemical and hematological parameters were significantly improved after the change of diet to low concentrate one

Some of the clinico-biochemical effects of organophosphorus insecticides [phoxim] in rams

Two equal groups [group I and II] of healthy adult cross-bred rams were dipped in diluted Phoxim solution [1: 2000]. The group II was injected with 5 ml of Catozal just before dipping. All rams were proved to have no troubles after dipping, whereas some attendant workers exposed diluted solution without care showed signs, including cough, irrigation of the nasopharyngeal mucosa, sneezing congestion of the eyelids with severe nasal discharge and lacrimation. Hematological analysis of rams revealed a significant increase of hematocrit in group I due to increased red cell mass [absolute polycythemia] after dipping. Biochemical investigation revealed a significant decrease of acetylcholinestrase [AChE] and albumin in groups I and II and a significant decrease of total protein in group I while a significant increase of glucose in groups I and II and a significant increase in the level of aspartate aminotransaminase [AST] activity, creatinine and blood urea nitrogen in groups I and II were recorded

Some studies on enterotoxemia in calves

Sudden death after a short period of depression was reported in 21 well nourished and rapidly growing Friesian calves, 8-12 weeks old, belonged to a private farm contained more than 1500 heads of Friesian cattle of different ages. Clinical examination of contact calves proved that 74 of them were feverish [up to 41.5C]. Congestion of mucous membrane, dyspnea and anorexia with acanthocytosis as revealed by blood examination was also observed. Post-mortum examination of dead calves showed bloody fluids in the thoracic and abdominal cavities with petechial hemorrhages on the epicardium and endocardium. Severe hemorrhagic enteritis with minute ulcers in the intestinal mucosa was also observed. The intestinal contents were bloody. Liver and kidneys were swollen and the urinary bladder was exp and ed with bloody urine. Bacteriological examination of the intestinal ulcers showed Gram-positive bacilli. Toxin antitoxin neutralization test on the filtrates of the intestinal contents revealed that Cl. perfringens types A and D were detected. Parasitological examination and trials for virus isolation revealed negative results. The serum biochemical values of diseased calves revealed that total globulins, AST and ALT activities and urea nitrogen were significantly increased, while the value of total proteins, albumin, glucose and total cholesterol were significantly decreased. There were no significant changes in the values of serum calcium, inorganic phosphorus and creatinine, compared with apparently healthy contact calves. Analysis of ration showed negative results for aflatoxin. Affected calves responded successfully to parenteral administration of penicillin, fluid therapy after changes of ration